LABORATORI D'ENVOL PARAGLIDING 3.16+ version "Z" by Pere Casellas 2010-2021 http://www.laboratoridenvol.com General Public License GNU/GPL 3.0 Brand: LABORATORI D'ENVOL Paraglider model: gnuA6a scale: 0.94229 1. MAIN PARAMETERS: ------------------------------------------------- Flat area = 24.00 m2 258.3 ft2 Flat span = 10.16 m 33.3 ft Flat A/R = 4.30 Projected area = 20.91 m2 225.1 ft2 Projected span = 8.32 m 27.3 ft Projected A/R = 3.31 Flattening = 0.13 More geometric parameters: Vault arrow = 2.13 m Proj_span/arrow = 3.90 Line heigth (included risers) = 6.88 m Proj_span/Line_heigth = 1.30 Karabiners - wingtip = 5.96 m Proj_span/(Karabiners - wingtip) = 1.40 Wing type is: ds Planform center of gravity at 52.62 % from leading edge 2. CALAGE PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- finesse GR 7.00 glide angle 8.13 AoA 5.70 assiette 2.43 total height hcp (inc risers) 0. cm risers 47. cm calage, pilot centering % cm 25.00 72.81 center pressure (estimation) cm 35.00 101.94 karabiners (x,y,z) 20.00 72.96 687.75 3. RIB PROPERTIES: ------------------------------------------------- Ribs number = 30 Cells number = 29 Rib - Chord - washin - beta - Rot_z ------------------------------------------------- 1 291.25 0.000 1.95 0.00 2 289.48 0.027 6.06 0.00 3 285.96 0.082 9.97 0.00 4 280.71 0.163 13.87 0.00 5 273.72 0.271 17.57 0.00 6 265.04 0.405 21.75 0.00 7 254.64 0.566 26.50 0.00 8 241.98 0.761 31.25 0.00 9 225.97 1.009 35.78 0.00 10 206.81 1.305 40.10 0.00 11 184.93 1.643 46.40 0.00 12 160.92 2.014 54.04 0.00 13 135.35 2.409 61.64 0.00 14 108.75 2.820 76.24 0.00 15 81.62 4.500 88.85 0.00 Cell width (cm) 0 42.69 1 42.50 2 42.13 3 41.59 4 40.88 5 39.99 6 38.92 7 37.62 8 35.98 9 34.01 10 31.78 11 29.31 12 26.70 13 23.96 14 21.18 4. LINE MATRIX, LINE LENGTHS,AND LINE LOADS: Line-plan- level- order- ap - r - row - rib - L - length -length_e - load (Kg) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 1 13 3 1 13 L = 47.00 47.00 16.59 2 1 2 1 3 3 1 3 L = 458.00 457.83 4.61 3 1 2 2 3 3 1 6 L = 451.00 450.84 4.36 4 1 2 3 3 3 1 9 L = 442.00 441.86 3.85 5 1 2 4 4 3 1 13 L = 426.00 425.87 3.77 6 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 L = 176.83 176.78 1.55 7 1 3 2 1 3 1 2 L = 170.98 170.92 1.54 8 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 L = 172.26 172.21 1.52 9 1 3 4 1 3 1 4 L = 176.27 176.22 1.49 10 1 3 5 1 3 1 5 L = 170.64 170.59 1.46 11 1 3 6 1 3 1 6 L = 171.68 171.63 1.41 12 1 3 7 1 3 1 7 L = 176.80 176.75 1.36 13 1 3 8 1 3 1 8 L = 170.65 170.61 1.29 14 1 3 9 1 3 1 9 L = 169.83 169.78 1.20 15 1 3 10 1 3 1 10 L = 182.55 182.50 1.10 16 1 3 11 1 3 1 11 L = 174.57 174.54 0.98 17 1 3 12 1 3 1 12 L = 169.56 169.53 0.86 18 1 3 13 1 3 1 13 L = 167.56 167.53 0.82 19 2 1 1 17 3 4 15 L = 47.00 47.00 17.83 20 2 2 1 3 3 2 3 L = 451.00 450.83 4.61 21 2 2 2 3 3 2 6 L = 445.00 444.84 4.36 22 2 2 3 3 3 2 9 L = 437.00 436.87 3.85 23 2 2 4 4 3 2 13 L = 424.00 423.87 3.77 24 2 2 5 4 3 4 15 L = 403.00 402.96 1.24 25 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 L = 177.14 177.08 1.55 26 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 L = 171.38 171.32 1.54 27 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 L = 172.65 172.60 1.52 28 2 3 4 1 3 2 4 L = 175.85 175.80 1.49 29 2 3 5 1 3 2 5 L = 170.54 170.49 1.46 30 2 3 6 1 3 2 6 L = 171.79 171.74 1.41 31 2 3 7 1 3 2 7 L = 176.28 176.24 1.36 32 2 3 8 1 3 2 8 L = 170.74 170.69 1.29 33 2 3 9 1 3 2 9 L = 170.36 170.32 1.20 34 2 3 10 1 3 2 10 L = 180.71 180.67 1.10 35 2 3 11 1 3 2 11 L = 173.83 173.80 0.98 36 2 3 12 1 3 2 12 L = 169.35 169.32 0.86 37 2 3 13 1 3 2 13 L = 170.37 170.34 0.82 38 2 3 14 1 3 1 15 L = 169.02 169.00 0.43 39 2 3 15 1 3 2 15 L = 170.05 170.04 0.43 40 2 3 16 1 3 3 15 L = 174.55 174.54 0.25 41 2 3 17 1 3 4 15 L = 182.26 182.25 0.12 42 3 1 1 25 3 4 12 L = 47.00 47.00 13.93 43 3 2 1 6 3 4 3 L = 463.00 462.85 3.95 44 3 2 2 6 3 4 6 L = 456.00 455.86 3.74 45 3 2 3 6 3 4 9 L = 448.00 447.88 3.30 46 3 2 4 7 3 4 12 L = 435.00 434.90 2.93 47 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 L = 172.68 172.65 0.89 48 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 L = 166.80 166.77 0.88 49 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 L = 168.22 168.19 0.87 50 3 3 4 1 3 4 1 L = 193.78 193.77 0.44 51 3 3 5 1 3 4 2 L = 188.35 188.33 0.44 52 3 3 6 1 3 4 3 L = 189.33 189.31 0.43 53 3 3 7 1 3 3 4 L = 172.47 172.44 0.85 54 3 3 8 1 3 3 5 L = 166.95 166.93 0.83 55 3 3 9 1 3 3 6 L = 168.14 168.12 0.81 56 3 3 10 1 3 4 4 L = 192.64 192.62 0.43 57 3 3 11 1 3 4 5 L = 187.07 187.06 0.42 58 3 3 12 1 3 4 6 L = 187.43 187.41 0.40 59 3 3 13 1 3 3 7 L = 172.64 172.61 0.77 60 3 3 14 1 3 3 8 L = 166.77 166.75 0.74 61 3 3 15 1 3 3 9 L = 166.01 165.99 0.69 62 3 3 16 1 3 4 7 L = 190.30 190.28 0.39 63 3 3 17 1 3 4 8 L = 183.98 183.97 0.37 64 3 3 18 1 3 4 9 L = 182.27 182.25 0.34 65 3 3 19 1 3 3 10 L = 175.57 175.55 0.63 66 3 3 20 1 3 3 11 L = 168.95 168.93 0.56 67 3 3 21 1 3 3 12 L = 164.35 164.33 0.49 68 3 3 22 1 3 3 13 L = 169.87 169.86 0.41 69 3 3 23 1 3 4 10 L = 188.27 188.26 0.31 70 3 3 24 1 3 4 11 L = 180.86 180.85 0.28 71 3 3 25 1 3 4 12 L = 175.17 175.16 0.24 72 4 1 1 13 4 6 14 L = 254.00 0.00 0.00 73 4 2 1 4 4 6 5 L = 237.00 0.00 0.00 74 4 2 2 4 4 6 9 L = 209.00 0.00 0.00 75 4 2 3 5 4 6 14 L = 185.00 0.00 0.00 76 4 3 1 2 4 6 3 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 77 4 3 2 2 4 6 5 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 78 4 3 3 2 4 6 7 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 79 4 3 4 2 4 6 9 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 80 4 3 5 2 4 6 11 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 81 4 3 6 3 4 6 14 L = 113.00 0.00 0.00 82 4 4 1 1 4 6 2 L = 98.72 0.00 0.00 83 4 4 2 1 4 6 3 L = 84.45 0.00 0.00 84 4 4 3 1 4 6 4 L = 75.72 0.00 0.00 85 4 4 4 1 4 6 5 L = 72.83 0.00 0.00 86 4 4 5 1 4 6 6 L = 91.66 0.00 0.00 87 4 4 6 1 4 6 7 L = 82.01 0.00 0.00 88 4 4 7 1 4 6 8 L = 76.47 0.00 0.00 89 4 4 8 1 4 6 9 L = 75.17 0.00 0.00 90 4 4 9 1 4 6 10 L = 93.59 0.00 0.00 91 4 4 10 1 4 6 11 L = 86.25 0.00 0.00 92 4 4 11 1 4 6 12 L = 81.59 0.00 0.00 93 4 4 12 1 4 6 13 L = 74.06 0.00 0.00 94 4 4 13 1 4 6 14 L = 70.91 0.00 0.00 Total line lengths (without loops) = 354.95 Total line lengths (with loops) = 392.55 (estimation of 10 cm additional per loop) 5. Adjustment seam parameters on the inner side of extrados panels (fig. 10 of the manual) ------------------------------------------------- Not used ( ndif=1000 ) 6. VERIFICATION Panels and rib differences (mm): ------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Maximal accuracy << 0.02 mm in extrados and intrados panels Number - Panel at left - Rib - Panel at right - max dif (mm) 1 3185.54 3185.54 3185.54 0.000 extra 1 2720.56 2720.56 2720.56 0.000 intra 2 3166.16 3166.16 3166.16 0.000 extra 2 2704.02 2704.02 2704.02 0.001 intra 3 3127.72 3127.72 3127.72 0.000 extra 3 2671.18 2671.19 2671.19 0.001 intra 4 3070.21 3070.21 3070.21 0.000 extra 4 2622.07 2622.07 2622.07 0.001 intra 5 2993.84 2993.84 2993.84 0.000 extra 5 2556.85 2556.85 2556.85 0.001 intra 6 2898.82 2898.82 2898.82 0.000 extra 6 2475.69 2475.70 2475.70 0.002 intra 7 2785.14 2785.14 2785.14 0.000 extra 7 2378.61 2378.61 2378.61 0.003 intra 8 2646.63 2646.63 2646.63 0.000 extra 8 2260.31 2260.32 2260.32 0.003 intra 9 2471.53 2471.53 2471.53 0.000 extra 9 2110.77 2110.77 2110.78 0.004 intra 10 2262.00 2262.00 2262.00 0.000 extra 10 1931.83 1931.83 1931.83 0.004 intra 11 2022.69 2022.69 2022.69 0.000 extra 11 1727.44 1727.45 1727.45 0.007 intra 12 1760.09 1760.09 1760.09 0.000 extra 12 1503.17 1503.18 1503.18 0.008 intra 13 1480.38 1480.38 1480.38 0.000 extra 13 1264.29 1264.30 1264.30 0.008 intra 14 1175.52 1175.52 1175.52 0.000 extra 14 1014.64 1014.65 1014.66 0.012 intra 15 829.27 829.27 - 0.000 extra 15 758.22 758.22 - 0.001 intra Panel distorsions in the leading edge (mm): ------------------------------------------- Panel D. extra D. intra 0 0.0369 0.0005 1 0.0365 0.0001 2 0.0252 -0.0010 3 0.0102 -0.0026 4 -0.0135 -0.0045 5 -0.0346 -0.0087 6 -0.0632 -0.0114 7 -0.0003 -0.0179 8 -0.0016 -0.0332 9 -0.0050 -0.0527 10 -0.0095 -0.0856 11 -0.0150 -0.0929 12 -0.0260 -0.0186 13 -0.0178 -0.0324 14 -0.0315 -0.0279 7. CALAGE AND RISERS VARIATIONS WITH ANGLE a) Speed system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 2 -1.00 -3.47 -2.52 -1.21 0.00 20.90 3 -2.00 -6.94 -5.03 -2.43 0.00 16.87 4 -3.00 -10.40 -7.55 -3.64 0.00 12.97 5 -4.00 -13.85 -10.06 -4.86 0.00 9.36 b) Speed system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 2 -1.00 0.00 0.97 2.24 3.39 20.88 3 -2.00 0.00 1.93 4.48 6.78 16.75 4 -3.00 0.00 2.90 6.72 10.14 12.62 5 -4.00 0.00 3.86 8.94 13.50 8.49 b) Trimer system pivot in first riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 2 1.00 0.00 -0.97 -2.25 -3.41 29.12 3 2.00 0.00 -1.93 -4.50 -6.82 33.23 4 3.00 0.00 -2.90 -6.76 -10.25 37.34 5 4.00 0.00 -3.86 -9.01 -13.69 41.43 d) Trimer system pivot in last riser: ------------------------------------------- i alpha A B C D Calage 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 2 1.00 3.48 2.52 1.21 0.00 29.14 3 2.00 6.95 5.03 2.42 0.00 33.30 4 3.00 10.43 7.54 3.62 0.00 37.47 5 4.00 13.92 10.05 4.82 0.00 41.64 8. NYLON RODS (JONCS) ------------------------------------------- BLOC 1 TYPE 1 ------------------------------------------- Group 1 ---------------------------- Jonc 1 82.5 Jonc 2 82.0 Jonc 3 81.0 Jonc 4 79.5 Jonc 5 77.5 Jonc 6 75.1 Jonc 7 72.1 Jonc 8 68.5 Jonc 9 64.0 Jonc 10 58.6 ---------------------------- Group 2 ---------------------------- Jonc 11 52.4 Jonc 12 45.6 Jonc 13 38.3 Jonc 14 29.6 ---------------------------- Joncs total length m (both sides) 18.13 9. 3D-SHAPING DETAILS ------------------------------------------- 10. INFORMATIVE EXTRADOS AND INTRADOS COEFFICIENTS ------------------------------------------- Rib panel/rib (left) panel/rib (right) 0 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 14 extrados 1.00000 1.00000 0 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 1 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 2 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 3 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 4 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 5 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 6 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 7 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 8 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 9 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 10 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 12 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 13 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 14 intrados 1.00000 1.00000 11. INFORMATION ABOUT AIRFOIL POINTS ------------------------------------------- Rib Total Extra Vents Intra 0 111 66 9 38 1 111 66 9 38 2 111 66 9 38 3 111 66 9 38 4 111 66 9 38 5 111 66 9 38 6 111 66 9 38 7 111 66 9 38 8 111 66 9 38 9 111 66 9 38 10 111 66 9 38 11 111 66 9 38 12 111 66 9 38 13 111 66 9 38 14 111 66 9 38 15 111 66 9 38 12. ANGLES BETWEEN AIRFOIL PLANE AND GLIDEPATH LINE (phi) and local AoA (chi) --------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- Informative angles. Change rotation values in column 10 of SECTION 1, using phi to improve the results phi=angle between airfoil plane and glidepath line chi=angle between chord line and glidepath line (local AoA) Rib phi chi 1 0.28 8.13 2 0.86 8.16 3 1.40 8.21 4 1.94 8.29 5 2.45 8.39 6 3.00 8.51 7 3.62 8.64 8 4.21 8.79 9 4.74 8.97 10 5.23 9.17 11 5.88 9.34 12 6.57 9.45 13 7.15 9.51 14 7.90 9.21 15 8.13 9.36